[i2c] [PATCH] basic gpio_chip support for 16-bit PCA9539 GPIO expander

eric miao eric.y.miao at gmail.com
Mon Dec 3 12:01:26 CET 2007


On Dec 3, 2007 5:12 PM, David Brownell <david-b at pacbell.net> wrote:
> Kconfig needs to say that it depends on GPIO_LIB...
>
> And none of the IRQ logic should be included in modular builds;
> see below.
>
> - Dave
>

Indeed, sorry for this. Updated, please review, thx.

>From 4e79cf08d4f75fbc713cf8840aac05e31e65993f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: eric miao <eric.miao at marvell.com>
Date: Thu, 29 Nov 2007 09:44:57 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] pxa: basic gpio_chip support for 16-bit PCA9539 GPIO expander

1. make the original pca9539 driver to use the new style I2C driver
   model

2. use "struct gpio_chip" so that PCA9539 can be used by Generic GPIO
   API

3. add "struct irq_chip" support for on-chip IRQs, due to the interrupt
   based I2C transfer, the IRQ handlers are actually performed within
   workqueue

4. remove sysfs entries to avoid register access conflict with Generic
   GPIO/IRQ support (assuming that no one is ever using these entries)

5. use 2 x 8-bit register access to simplify the logic, cache OUTPUT
   and DIRECTION registers for fast access

6. platform code is required to setup
   a) the numbering of GPIO/IRQ for PCA9539
   b) the mapping between these GPIOs and IRQs
      i.e. keep correct gpio_to_irq()/irq_to_gpio()
   c) pass "pca9539_platform_data" within "i2c_board_info"

Signed-off-by: eric miao <eric.miao at marvell.com>
---
 Documentation/i2c/chips/pca9539 |   36 ++--
 drivers/i2c/chips/Kconfig       |    2 +-
 drivers/i2c/chips/pca9539.c     |  456 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------
 include/linux/pca9539.h         |   18 ++
 4 files changed, 361 insertions(+), 151 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 include/linux/pca9539.h

diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/chips/pca9539 b/Documentation/i2c/chips/pca9539
index c4fce6a..8426696 100644
--- a/Documentation/i2c/chips/pca9539
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/chips/pca9539
@@ -19,29 +19,23 @@ All 16 lines can be individually configured as an
input or output.
 The input sense can also be inverted.
 The 16 lines are split between two bytes.

+Generic GPIO support
+--------------------

-Sysfs entries
--------------
-
-Each is a byte that maps to the 8 I/O bits.
-A '0' suffix is for bits 0-7, while '1' is for bits 8-15.
-
-input[01]     - read the current value
-output[01]    - sets the output value
-direction[01] - direction of each bit: 1=input, 0=output
-invert[01]    - toggle the input bit sense
+The extended I/O ports are now fully covered by Generic GPIO API with
+GPIO lib support. The "struct pca9539_platform_data" has to be filled
+by platform specific code to properly initialize the PCA9539.

-input reads the actual state of the line and is always available.
-The direction defaults to input for all channels.
+Generic IRQ support
+-------------------

+Each of the 16 I/O ports can also be used as cascaded IRQ line. Unlike
+normal IRQs,  the IRQ handler code for PCA9539 is actually executed by
+work queue to avoid I2C transactions to be performed within interrupt
+context.

-General Remarks
----------------
-
-Note that each output, direction, and invert entry controls 8 lines.
-You should use the read, modify, write sequence.
-For example. to set output bit 0 of 1.
-  val=$(cat output0)
-  val=$(( $val | 1 ))
-  echo $val > output0
+Sysfs entries
+-------------

+The original sysfs entries are removed to avoid register access conflict
+with the Generic GPIO/IRQ support.
diff --git a/drivers/i2c/chips/Kconfig b/drivers/i2c/chips/Kconfig
index 2e1c24f..90f1064 100644
--- a/drivers/i2c/chips/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/i2c/chips/Kconfig
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ config SENSORS_PCF8574

 config SENSORS_PCA9539
 	tristate "Philips PCA9539 16-bit I/O port"
-	depends on EXPERIMENTAL
+	depends on EXPERIMENTAL && GPIO_LIB
 	help
 	  If you say yes here you get support for the Philips PCA9539
 	  16-bit I/O port.
diff --git a/drivers/i2c/chips/pca9539.c b/drivers/i2c/chips/pca9539.c
index f43c4e7..de64e27 100644
--- a/drivers/i2c/chips/pca9539.c
+++ b/drivers/i2c/chips/pca9539.c
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
     pca9539.c - 16-bit I/O port with interrupt and reset

     Copyright (C) 2005 Ben Gardner <bgardner at wabtec.com>
+    Copyright (C) 2007 Marvell Internation Ltd.

     This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
     it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -10,173 +11,371 @@

 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
-#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/irq.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/workqueue.h>
 #include <linux/i2c.h>
-#include <linux/hwmon-sysfs.h>
+#include <linux/pca9539.h>

-/* Addresses to scan */
-static unsigned short normal_i2c[] = {0x74, 0x75, 0x76, 0x77, I2C_CLIENT_END};
+#include <asm/gpio.h>

-/* Insmod parameters */
-I2C_CLIENT_INSMOD_1(pca9539);
+#define NR_PCA9539_GPIOS	16

-enum pca9539_cmd
-{
-	PCA9539_INPUT_0		= 0,
-	PCA9539_INPUT_1		= 1,
-	PCA9539_OUTPUT_0	= 2,
-	PCA9539_OUTPUT_1	= 3,
-	PCA9539_INVERT_0	= 4,
-	PCA9539_INVERT_1	= 5,
-	PCA9539_DIRECTION_0	= 6,
-	PCA9539_DIRECTION_1	= 7,
-};
+#define PCA9539_INPUT		0
+#define PCA9539_OUTPUT		2
+#define PCA9539_INVERT		4
+#define PCA9539_DIRECTION	6

-static int pca9539_attach_adapter(struct i2c_adapter *adapter);
-static int pca9539_detect(struct i2c_adapter *adapter, int address, int kind);
-static int pca9539_detach_client(struct i2c_client *client);
+struct pca9539_chip {
+	int irq;

-/* This is the driver that will be inserted */
-static struct i2c_driver pca9539_driver = {
-	.driver = {
-		.name	= "pca9539",
-	},
-	.attach_adapter	= pca9539_attach_adapter,
-	.detach_client	= pca9539_detach_client,
-};
+	unsigned gpio_start;
+	int irq_start;

-struct pca9539_data {
-	struct i2c_client client;
+	uint16_t reg_output;
+	uint16_t reg_direction;
+
+	uint16_t last_input;
+
+	struct i2c_client *client;
+	struct gpio_chip gpio_chip;
+
+#ifndef MODULE
+	/*
+	 * Note: Generic IRQ is not accessible within module code, the IRQ
+	 * support will thus _only_ be present if the driver is built-in
+	 */
+	uint16_t irq_mask;
+	uint16_t irq_falling_edge;
+	uint16_t irq_rising_edge;
+
+	struct irq_chip  irq_chip;
+	struct work_struct irq_work;
+#endif
 };

-/* following are the sysfs callback functions */
-static ssize_t pca9539_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
-			    char *buf)
+static int pca9539_write_reg(struct pca9539_chip *chip, int reg, uint16_t val)
 {
-	struct sensor_device_attribute *psa = to_sensor_dev_attr(attr);
-	struct i2c_client *client = to_i2c_client(dev);
-	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", i2c_smbus_read_byte_data(client,
-							     psa->index));
+	return i2c_smbus_write_word_data(chip->client, reg, val);
 }

-static ssize_t pca9539_store(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
-			     const char *buf, size_t count)
+static int pca9539_read_reg(struct pca9539_chip *chip, int reg, uint16_t *val)
 {
-	struct sensor_device_attribute *psa = to_sensor_dev_attr(attr);
-	struct i2c_client *client = to_i2c_client(dev);
-	unsigned long val = simple_strtoul(buf, NULL, 0);
-	if (val > 0xff)
-		return -EINVAL;
-	i2c_smbus_write_byte_data(client, psa->index, val);
-	return count;
-}
-
-/* Define the device attributes */
-
-#define PCA9539_ENTRY_RO(name, cmd_idx) \
-	static SENSOR_DEVICE_ATTR(name, S_IRUGO, pca9539_show, NULL, cmd_idx)
-
-#define PCA9539_ENTRY_RW(name, cmd_idx) \
-	static SENSOR_DEVICE_ATTR(name, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR, pca9539_show, \
-				  pca9539_store, cmd_idx)
-
-PCA9539_ENTRY_RO(input0, PCA9539_INPUT_0);
-PCA9539_ENTRY_RO(input1, PCA9539_INPUT_1);
-PCA9539_ENTRY_RW(output0, PCA9539_OUTPUT_0);
-PCA9539_ENTRY_RW(output1, PCA9539_OUTPUT_1);
-PCA9539_ENTRY_RW(invert0, PCA9539_INVERT_0);
-PCA9539_ENTRY_RW(invert1, PCA9539_INVERT_1);
-PCA9539_ENTRY_RW(direction0, PCA9539_DIRECTION_0);
-PCA9539_ENTRY_RW(direction1, PCA9539_DIRECTION_1);
-
-static struct attribute *pca9539_attributes[] = {
-	&sensor_dev_attr_input0.dev_attr.attr,
-	&sensor_dev_attr_input1.dev_attr.attr,
-	&sensor_dev_attr_output0.dev_attr.attr,
-	&sensor_dev_attr_output1.dev_attr.attr,
-	&sensor_dev_attr_invert0.dev_attr.attr,
-	&sensor_dev_attr_invert1.dev_attr.attr,
-	&sensor_dev_attr_direction0.dev_attr.attr,
-	&sensor_dev_attr_direction1.dev_attr.attr,
-	NULL
-};
+	int ret;

-static struct attribute_group pca9539_defattr_group = {
-	.attrs = pca9539_attributes,
-};
+	ret = i2c_smbus_read_word_data(chip->client, reg);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: failed to read\n", __FUNCTION__);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	*val = (uint16_t)ret;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int pca9539_gpio_direction_input(struct gpio_chip *gc, unsigned off)
+{
+	struct pca9539_chip *chip;
+	uint16_t reg_val;
+	int ret;
+
+	chip = container_of(gc, struct pca9539_chip, gpio_chip);
+
+	reg_val = chip->reg_direction | (1u << off);
+	ret = pca9539_write_reg(chip, PCA9539_DIRECTION, reg_val);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	chip->reg_direction = reg_val;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int pca9539_gpio_direction_output(struct gpio_chip *gc,
+		unsigned off, int val)
+{
+	struct pca9539_chip *chip;
+	uint16_t reg_val;
+	int ret;

-static int pca9539_attach_adapter(struct i2c_adapter *adapter)
+	chip = container_of(gc, struct pca9539_chip, gpio_chip);
+
+	/* set output level */
+	if (val)
+		reg_val = chip->reg_output | (1u << off);
+	else
+		reg_val = chip->reg_output & ~(1u << off);
+
+	ret = pca9539_write_reg(chip, PCA9539_OUTPUT, reg_val);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	chip->reg_output = reg_val;
+
+	/* then direction */
+	reg_val = chip->reg_direction & ~(1u << off);
+	ret = pca9539_write_reg(chip, PCA9539_DIRECTION, reg_val);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	chip->reg_direction = reg_val;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int pca9539_gpio_get_value(struct gpio_chip *gc, unsigned off)
 {
-	return i2c_probe(adapter, &addr_data, pca9539_detect);
+	struct pca9539_chip *chip;
+	uint16_t reg_val;
+	int ret;
+
+	chip = container_of(gc, struct pca9539_chip, gpio_chip);
+
+	ret = pca9539_read_reg(chip, PCA9539_INPUT, &reg_val);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	return (reg_val & (1u << off)) ? 1 : 0;
 }

-/* This function is called by i2c_probe */
-static int pca9539_detect(struct i2c_adapter *adapter, int address, int kind)
+static void pca9539_gpio_set_value(struct gpio_chip *gc, unsigned off, int val)
 {
-	struct i2c_client *new_client;
-	struct pca9539_data *data;
-	int err = 0;
+	struct pca9539_chip *chip;
+	uint16_t reg_val;
+	int ret;
+
+	chip = container_of(gc, struct pca9539_chip, gpio_chip);
+
+	if (val)
+		reg_val = chip->reg_output | (1u << off);
+	else
+		reg_val = chip->reg_output & ~(1u << off);
+
+	ret = pca9539_write_reg(chip, PCA9539_OUTPUT, reg_val);
+	if (ret)
+		return;
+
+	chip->reg_output = reg_val;
+}
+
+static int pca9539_init_gpio(struct pca9539_chip *chip)
+{
+	struct gpio_chip *gc;
+
+	gc = &chip->gpio_chip;
+
+	gc->direction_input  = pca9539_gpio_direction_input;
+	gc->direction_output = pca9539_gpio_direction_output;
+	gc->get = pca9539_gpio_get_value;
+	gc->set = pca9539_gpio_set_value;
+
+	gc->base = chip->gpio_start;
+	gc->ngpio = NR_PCA9539_GPIOS;
+
+	return gpiochip_add(gc);
+}
+
+#ifndef MODULE
+/* FIXME: change to schedule_delayed_work() here if reading out of
+ * registers does not reflect the actual pin levels
+ */
+
+static void pca9539_irq_work(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	struct pca9539_chip *chip;
+	uint16_t input, mask, rising, falling;
+	int ret, i;
+
+	chip = container_of(work, struct pca9539_chip, irq_work);

-	if (!i2c_check_functionality(adapter, I2C_FUNC_SMBUS_BYTE_DATA))
-		goto exit;
+	ret = pca9539_read_reg(chip, PCA9539_INPUT, &input);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return;

-	/* OK. For now, we presume we have a valid client. We now create the
-	   client structure, even though we cannot fill it completely yet. */
-	if (!(data = kzalloc(sizeof(struct pca9539_data), GFP_KERNEL))) {
-		err = -ENOMEM;
-		goto exit;
+	mask = (input ^ chip->last_input) & chip->irq_mask;
+	rising = (input & mask) & chip->irq_rising_edge;
+	falling = (~input & mask) & chip->irq_falling_edge;
+
+	irq_enter();
+
+	for (i = 0; i < NR_PCA9539_GPIOS; i++) {
+		if ((rising | falling) & (1u << i)) {
+			int irq = chip->irq_start + i;
+			struct irq_desc *desc;
+
+			desc = irq_desc + irq;
+			desc_handle_irq(irq, desc);
+		}
 	}

-	new_client = &data->client;
-	i2c_set_clientdata(new_client, data);
-	new_client->addr = address;
-	new_client->adapter = adapter;
-	new_client->driver = &pca9539_driver;
-	new_client->flags = 0;
-
-	if (kind < 0) {
-		/* Detection: the pca9539 only has 8 registers (0-7).
-		   A read of 7 should succeed, but a read of 8 should fail. */
-		if ((i2c_smbus_read_byte_data(new_client, 7) < 0) ||
-		    (i2c_smbus_read_byte_data(new_client, 8) >= 0))
-			goto exit_kfree;
+	irq_exit();
+
+	chip->last_input = input;
+}
+
+static void fastcall
+pca9539_irq_demux(unsigned int irq, struct irq_desc *desc)
+{
+	struct pca9539_chip *chip = desc->handler_data;
+
+	desc->chip->mask(chip->irq);
+	desc->chip->ack(chip->irq);
+	schedule_work(&chip->irq_work);
+	desc->chip->unmask(chip->irq);
+}
+
+static void pca9539_irq_mask(unsigned int irq)
+{
+	struct irq_desc *desc = irq_desc + irq;
+	struct pca9539_chip *chip = desc->chip_data;
+
+	chip->irq_mask &= ~(1u << (irq - chip->irq_start));
+}
+
+static void pca9539_irq_unmask(unsigned int irq)
+{
+	struct irq_desc *desc = irq_desc + irq;
+	struct pca9539_chip *chip = desc->chip_data;
+
+	chip->irq_mask |= 1u << (irq - chip->irq_start);
+}
+
+static void pca9539_irq_ack(unsigned int irq)
+{
+	/* unfortunately, we have to provide an empty irq_chip.ack even
+	 * if we do nothing here, Generic IRQ will complain otherwise
+	 */
+}
+
+static int pca9539_irq_set_type(unsigned int irq, unsigned int type)
+{
+	struct irq_desc *desc = irq_desc + irq;
+	struct pca9539_chip *chip = desc->chip_data;
+	uint16_t mask = 1u << (irq - chip->irq_start);
+
+	if (type == IRQT_PROBE) {
+		if ((mask & chip->irq_rising_edge) ||
+		    (mask & chip->irq_falling_edge) ||
+		    (mask & ~chip->reg_direction))
+			return 0;
+
+		type = __IRQT_RISEDGE | __IRQT_FALEDGE;
 	}

-	strlcpy(new_client->name, "pca9539", I2C_NAME_SIZE);
+	gpio_direction_input(irq_to_gpio(irq));

-	/* Tell the I2C layer a new client has arrived */
-	if ((err = i2c_attach_client(new_client)))
-		goto exit_kfree;
+	if (type & __IRQT_RISEDGE)
+		chip->irq_rising_edge |= mask;
+	else
+		chip->irq_rising_edge &= ~mask;

-	/* Register sysfs hooks */
-	err = sysfs_create_group(&new_client->dev.kobj,
-				 &pca9539_defattr_group);
-	if (err)
-		goto exit_detach;
+	if (type & __IRQT_FALEDGE)
+		chip->irq_falling_edge |= mask;
+	else
+		chip->irq_falling_edge &= ~mask;

 	return 0;
+}

-exit_detach:
-	i2c_detach_client(new_client);
-exit_kfree:
-	kfree(data);
-exit:
-	return err;
+static int pca9539_init_irq(struct pca9539_chip *chip)
+{
+	struct irq_chip *ic = &chip->irq_chip;
+	int irq, irq_start = chip->irq_start;
+
+	/* do not install GPIO interrupts for the chip if
+	 * 1. the PCA9539 interrupt line is not used
+	 * 2. or the GPIO interrupt number exceeds NR_IRQS
+	 */
+	if (chip->irq <= 0 || irq_start + NR_PCA9539_GPIOS >= NR_IRQS)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	chip->irq_mask	= 0;
+	chip->irq_rising_edge  = 0;
+	chip->irq_falling_edge = 0;
+
+	ic->ack = pca9539_irq_ack;
+	ic->mask = pca9539_irq_mask;
+	ic->unmask = pca9539_irq_unmask;
+	ic->set_type = pca9539_irq_set_type;
+
+	for (irq = irq_start; irq < irq_start + NR_PCA9539_GPIOS; irq++) {
+		set_irq_chip(irq, ic);
+		set_irq_chip_data(irq, chip);
+		set_irq_handler(irq, handle_edge_irq);
+		set_irq_flags(irq, IRQF_VALID | IRQF_PROBE);
+	}
+
+	set_irq_type(chip->irq, IRQT_FALLING);
+	set_irq_data(chip->irq, chip);
+	set_irq_chained_handler(chip->irq, pca9539_irq_demux);
+
+	INIT_WORK(&chip->irq_work, pca9539_irq_work);
+	return 0;
 }
+#else
+static inline int pca9539_init_irq(struct pca9539_chip *chip)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif /* !CONFIG_MODULE */

-static int pca9539_detach_client(struct i2c_client *client)
+static int __devinit pca9539_probe(struct i2c_client *client)
 {
-	int err;
+	struct pca9539_platform_data *pdata;
+	struct pca9539_chip *chip;
+	int ret;
+
+	pdata = client->dev.platform_data;
+	if (pdata == NULL)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	chip = kzalloc(sizeof(struct pca9539_chip), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (chip == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	chip->client = client;
+	chip->irq = client->irq;

-	sysfs_remove_group(&client->dev.kobj, &pca9539_defattr_group);
+	chip->gpio_start = pdata->gpio_base;
+	chip->irq_start  = gpio_to_irq(chip->gpio_start);

-	if ((err = i2c_detach_client(client)))
-		return err;
+	/* read init register values */
+	ret = pca9539_read_reg(chip, PCA9539_INPUT, &chip->last_input);
+	if (ret)
+		goto out_failed;

-	kfree(i2c_get_clientdata(client));
+	/* initialize registers */
+	chip->reg_output = 0xffff;
+	chip->reg_direction = 0xffff;
+
+	pca9539_write_reg(chip, PCA9539_OUTPUT, chip->reg_output);
+	pca9539_write_reg(chip, PCA9539_DIRECTION, chip->reg_direction);
+
+	/* set platform specific polarity inversion */
+	pca9539_write_reg(chip, PCA9539_INVERT, pdata->invert);
+
+	ret = pca9539_init_gpio(chip);
+	if (ret)
+		goto out_failed;
+
+	ret = pca9539_init_irq(chip);
+	if (ret)
+		goto out_failed;
+
+	i2c_set_clientdata(client, chip);
 	return 0;
+
+out_failed:
+	kfree(chip);
+	return ret;
 }

+/* FIXME: PCA9539 is not supposed to be removed for now */
+static struct i2c_driver pca9539_driver = {
+	.driver = {
+		.name	= "pca9539",
+	},
+	.probe		= pca9539_probe,
+};
+
 static int __init pca9539_init(void)
 {
 	return i2c_add_driver(&pca9539_driver);
@@ -193,4 +392,3 @@ MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

 module_init(pca9539_init);
 module_exit(pca9539_exit);
-
diff --git a/include/linux/pca9539.h b/include/linux/pca9539.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..611d84a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/linux/pca9539.h
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/* platform data for the PCA9539 16-bit I/O expander driver */
+
+struct pca9539_platform_data {
+	/* number of the first GPIO */
+	unsigned	gpio_base;
+
+	/* initial polarity inversion setting */
+	uint16_t	invert;
+
+	void		*context;	/* param to setup/teardown */
+
+	int		(*setup)(struct i2c_client *client,
+				unsigned gpio, unsigned ngpio,
+				void *context);
+	int		(*teardown)(struct i2c_client *client,
+				unsigned gpio, unsigned ngpio,
+				void *context);
+};
-- 
1.5.2.5.GIT

-- 
Cheers
- eric



More information about the i2c mailing list